ABSTRACT
December 2019 was marked by the arrival of the novel coronavirus, which has now reportedly resulted in 4,200,412 deaths (as ofJuly 30, 2021) world-wide. Although the casualty rate of SARS-CoV-2 is lower than other viral infections, yet its uncertainty poses a global threat. The virus that causes Covid-19 diseases is spreading among people, and more people are becoming infected. According to clinical studies, SARS-CoV-2 develops and migrates through the respiratory tract along the conducting airways, eliciting a robust innate immune response that leads to severe clinical manifestations such as cytokine storms, the release of chemical mediators including IL-2 and IL-6 at vital organs, and worsens in patients with co-morbidities. The treatment is largely focused on the assessment of patients since the studies are evaluating a wide array of medications for possible outcomes during this emergency period of the Covid 19 epidemic. On the contrary, few conventional drugs have been disapproved, such as hydroxychloroquine while others like ribavirin and lopinavir, are effective in combination therapies as per the studies. Monoclonal antibodies, kinase inhibitors, and basic febrifuges, along with anti-tussive syrups, have become a growing therapy for coronavirus patients. Although this virus seems to have a specific treatment due to the effects of viral variation and mutation, it's causing a leading global challenge for researchers. This article aggregates the conventional and new breakthrough therapeutics for tackling Covid 19 and its emerging therapeutic rationale reviewed by WHO, ICMR, FDA, PubMed, Google scholar, and the Covid update newsletter. © 2022 Author(s).
ABSTRACT
December 2019 was marked by the arrival of the novel coronavirus, which has now reportedly resulted in 4,200,412 deaths (as ofJuly 30, 2021) world-wide. Although the casualty rate of SARS-CoV-2 is lower than other viral infections, yet its uncertainty poses a global threat. The virus that causes Covid-19 diseases is spreading among people, and more people are becoming infected. According to clinical studies, SARS-CoV-2 develops and migrates through the respiratory tract along the conducting airways, eliciting a robust innate immune response that leads to severe clinical manifestations such as cytokine storms, the release of chemical mediators including IL-2 and IL-6 at vital organs, and worsens in patients with co-morbidities. The treatment is largely focused on the assessment of patients since the studies are evaluating a wide array of medications for possible outcomes during this emergency period of the Covid 19 epidemic. On the contrary, few conventional drugs have been disapproved, such as hydroxychloroquine while others like ribavirin and lopinavir, are effective in combination therapies as per the studies. Monoclonal antibodies, kinase inhibitors, and basic febrifuges, along with anti-tussive syrups, have become a growing therapy for coronavirus patients. Although this virus seems to have a specific treatment due to the effects of viral variation and mutation, it's causing a leading global challenge for researchers. This article aggregates the conventional and new breakthrough therapeutics for tackling Covid 19 and its emerging therapeutic rationale reviewed by WHO, ICMR, FDA, PubMed, Google scholar, and the Covid update newsletter. © 2022 Author(s).
ABSTRACT
The SARS-COV-2 pandemic is causing mayhem on people all over the world. Although, immunization is progressing quickly, its effectiveness against new variants is unknown. The virus has proven to be exceedingly resistant to treatments, and no drugs have been demonstrated to be totally effective against SARS-COV-2 antiviral. However, a few vaccines have been produced, but best option for now is to adopt preventive steps for now and future as well. In general, the use of herbs is emerging as the best ploy among all preventive measures to enhance the immunity as they have great antiviral potential and antioxidant properties. Bryophytes especially (liverworts) are well known to contain a variety of potentially beneficial compounds such as terpenoids, quinones, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, etc. In recent past, different liverwort extracts and isolated chemicals have demonstrated antibacterial, antiviral, and cytotoxic effects;highlighting the potential of liverworts as herbal treatments and chemical manufacture for application in a variety of goods. However, due to their small size, difficulties in collection, and identification, the bulk of liverworts remain unknown, particularly in India. In this light, an attempt has been made to screen a commonly growing liverwort, Plagiochasma rupestre (J.R. Forst. and G. Forst.) Steph. has been evaluated for its phytochemical profile and bioactivity.
ABSTRACT
Synthetic dyes have high fastness property and are stable under diverse conditions but over time it is seen that they are toxic to the environment and some are carcinogenic. Dyes derived from natural sources like tartrazine, cochineal red and sunset yellow may cause allergies when used alone or in a combination. Some of the colourants that had been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in various industries like food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics are found to promote cancer. The purpose of the present study is to extract natural dyes from peel of fruits and vegetables, flowers and study the effect of different mordanting techniques (pre-mordanting, simultaneous mordanting, post-mordanting) on dyeing, The extracts were applied as direct dyes in the presence of mordants. Dyeing of cotton cloth was performed using extracts of Pomegranate peel (Punica granatum), Orange peel (Citrus sinensis), Marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta), Kidney bean seed coat (Phaseolus vulgaris). Colour strength, shade and fastness properties of the dyes have been tested. In pre and post mordanting, colour change was observed in Marigold and Pomegranate. In simultaneous mordanting, colour change was seen in Marigold, Pomegranate, Orange peel and Kidney bean. The obtained results have shown the dyeing potential of organic wastes as a source for cotton dyeing. Using waste as a source of natural dyes will help in reducing the environmental pollution. Our studies on market research for demand led us to the conclusion that there is demand for comfortable environmental friendly mask having increased functional properties.
ABSTRACT
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is the 2nd most common genesis of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD)-related deaths in India. Not everyone had the chance to go to a medical facility or hospital for problems/diseases other than COVID-19 amidst lockdown as there was uncertainty of getting infected by COVID-19. To cater this issue this device/software can detect and diagnose diseases such as pneumonia, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, foreign body in the lungs or airways etc. This process uses methodology of signal, sound and audio processing and image analysis. Normal sound samples of healthy human body would be taken in consideration and then be compared with the samples of the person whom it is tested on, different levels or frequency range of sounds/body noises that a person makes differs in different analysis, for example 'crackles' these are high pitched breath sounds made when the small air sacs get liquid filled and the person may have pneumonia or a heart failure. This not only work as a warning system that is early but also can reduce human workload and can deplete human error while using a stethoscope for the same. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
In early 2020, due to the COVD-19 pandemic, Australian schools were closed and students began an unprecedented time of remote learning. The current study aimed to understand how teachers planned and implemented mathematics learning programs for their students, the challenges they encountered, as well as the degree to which their students were motivated or engaged when learning mathematics at home. Two teachers from two Australian primary schools who shared a similar contemporary teaching and learning philosophy emphasising inquiry-based learning were interviewed, and students were surveyed anonymously about their engagement (cognitive, emotional, social and behavioural) when learning mathematics from home. Findings indicated that both teachers were concerned about effectively catering for all students and assessing student progress and engagement with the tasks. Survey data revealed most students displayed positive engagement with remote learning experiences, except for the lack of opportunity to learn mathematics with and from their peers. © 2021 by the authors;licensee Modestum. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions ofthe Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).